AQA GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy Chemistry Paper 2 (Foundation), 2021: Question 5
10 marks · Standard Demand difficulty · Short Answer
This multi-part question assesses knowledge of Earth's resources, including interpreting population/production graphs, calculating energy savings from recycling, identifying environmental impacts of sulfur dioxide, calculating mass percentages, matching resource management processes, and ordering life cycle assessment stages.
Practise this questionQuestion
Question text
05 Industries use the Earth’s resources to produce useful products.
05.1 Figure 4 shows the world population and the world production of copper between
1900 and 2020.
Figure 4
How does the change in the world population compare with the world production
of copper?
[1 mark]
Tick ( ) one box.
As population decreased, copper production increased.
As population increased, copper production decreased.
As population increased, copper production increased.21
Copper is produced from copper ore and from recycling waste copper.
05.2 The energy needed to produce 1 kg of copper from copper ore is 70 MJ.
The energy needed to produce 1 kg of recycled copper is 27 MJ.
Calculate the energy saved if 100 kg of copper is produced from recycled copper and
not from copper ore.
[3 marks]
Energy saved = MJ
05.3 Producing copper from recycling waste copper reduces emissions of sulfur dioxide.
Why is reducing emissions of sulfur dioxide important?
[1 mark]
05.4 Copper is used to make coins.
A coin of mass 8 g contains 75% copper.
Calculate the mass of copper in the coin.
[2 marks]
22 Mass of copper = g
05.5 Iron and glass are both produced from the Earth’s resources.
*21* Some processes can reduce the use of limited resources.
Draw one line from the description of the process to the name of the process.
[2 marks]
Description of process Name of process
Extraction
Scrap steel is added to Quarrying
iron from a blast furnace
Reacting
A glass bottle is refilled
Recycling
23 Reusing
05.6 Life cycle assessments are used to assess the environmental impact of producing
iron nails and glass bottles.
There are four stages, A, B, C and D, in a life cycle assessment.
The stages are not in the correct order.
Stage A Disposal
Stage B Extracting and processing raw materials
Stage C Manufacturing and packaging
Stage D Use and operation
What is the correct order of stages A, B, C, and D?
[1 mark]
Tick ( ) one box.
C, D, B, A
D, B, C, A
B, C, D, A
Mark scheme
Show the mark scheme
AO /
Question Answers Extra information Mark
Spec. Ref.
05.1 as population increased, copper 1 AO3
production increased 5.10.1.1
05.2 (copper ore) 1 AO2
(70 × 100 =) 7000 5.10.2.2
(recycled copper) 1
(27×100 =) 2700
(7000 – 2700 =) 4300 (MJ) allow correct use of incorrectly 1
determined values for MP1
(copper ore) and/or MP2
(recycled copper)
05.3 any one from: 1 AO1
• reduces acid rain allow sulfur dioxide causes acid 5.9.3.2
rain
• reduces respiratory problems allow sulfur dioxide causes
(in humans) respiratory problems (in
humans)
75 1 AO2
05.4 × 8
5.10.1.1
= 6 (g) 1
05.5 AO2
5.10.2.2
do not accept more than one line from a box on the left
05.6 B, C, D, A 1 AO1
5.10.2.2
Total 10
How to answer it
Using Resources: Copper, Recycling, and LCAs
What this question tests
This question assesses your ability to interpret population and production data, calculate energy savings and percentages, understand the environmental impact of pollutants (sulfur dioxide), distinguish between recycling and reusing, and sequence the stages of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).
Data Interpretation
Correct Answer
As population increased, copper production increased.
Exam Technique
When comparing two graphs, look at the general trend. In Figure 4, both lines curve upwards over the same time period. This shows a positive correlation.
Energy Savings Calculation
Step-by-Step Calculation
- Calculate energy for ore: 100 kg × 70 MJ/kg = 7000 MJ
- Calculate energy for recycling: 100 kg × 27 MJ/kg = 2700 MJ
- Calculate the saving: 7000 MJ - 2700 MJ = 4300 MJ
Final Answer
4300 MJ
Common Errors
Students often just subtract the two initial numbers (70 - 27 = 43) and forget to multiply by the 100 kg mass mentioned in the question. Always check the units and the specific quantity requested!
Environmental Impact
Key Knowledge
Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is a major atmospheric pollutant produced when impurities in fossil fuels or ores are burned.
- It dissolves in water to form acid rain.
- It can cause respiratory (breathing) problems in humans.
Accepted Answers
- Reduces acid rain
- Reduces respiratory problems in humans
Percentage Mass Calculation
Calculation
To find 75% of 8g:
(75 ÷ 100) × 8 = 6g
Recycling vs. Reusing
How to distinguish
Reusing: Using an item again for its original purpose without changing it (e.g., refilling a bottle).
Recycling: Processing waste materials into new products (e.g., melting scrap steel to make new iron/steel).
Correct Matching
- Scrap steel added to iron: Recycling
- A glass bottle is refilled: Reusing
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
The 4 Stages of LCA
- Stage B: Extracting and processing raw materials
- Stage C: Manufacturing and packaging
- Stage D: Use and operation during its lifetime
- Stage A: Disposal at the end of its useful life
Correct Order
B, C, D, A (The bottom tick box)
Topics
Chemistry · C10: Using Resources
Question and mark scheme from the AQA GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy examination, Chemistry Paper 2 (Foundation), 2021. QuestionVault is an independent revision resource; questions remain the copyright of the awarding body.